See how much you can Score on these 30 Biology Questions.

BIOLOGY SUBJECT (MCQ)
What is the function of Lymph fluid?
ANSWER: (c) Both are correct.

Lymph fluid serves essential functions in the body's immune and circulatory systems. It transports digested fats from the intestines to the bloodstream and helps remove excess fluid and waste products from tissues, maintaining fluid balance. Thus, both statements accurately describe the roles of lymph fluid in the human body.


Which of the following is an essential element used in the synthesis of proteins and other compounds?
ANSWER: (d) Nitrogen

The essential element used in the synthesis of proteins and other compounds is nitrogen. Nitrogen is a key component of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, as well as nucleic acids, chlorophyll, and many other essential molecules in living organisms. Plants absorb nitrogen primarily in the form of nitrate (NO3-) or ammonium (NH4+), which they assimilate into organic compounds through processes like nitrate reduction and ammonium assimilation. Nitrogen availability often limits plant growth and productivity in terrestrial ecosystems, making it a critical factor in agricultural and environmental management.


Human saliva contains an enzyme called salivary amylase that breaks down starch to give sugar. It is present in the mouth. There is another area which uses this enzyme. Which of the following is it?
ANSWER: (d) Pancreas

Amylase is found in two main areas – saliva in the mouth and pancreatic juice in the pancreas. Pancreatic juice is secreted into the small intestine where it helps continue digestion. In both areas amylase helps to break down starch into simpler sugars.


Which of the following is/are true about the functions of blood in the human body?
ANSWER: (d) All of the above

Blood serves various vital functions in the human body. Plasma, the fluid part of blood, transports not only oxygen but also nutrients, carbon dioxide, and waste products. Red blood cells carry oxygen to tissues and organs while removing carbon dioxide and other wastes. Additionally, blood constitutes around 7% of the body weight, playing a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and overall health.


Which of the following is/are true about the human heart?
ANSWER: (d) Both A and C.

The human heart is a remarkable organ with several important features. Valves within the heart prevent the backflow of blood during contractions, ensuring efficient circulation. Oxygen-rich blood enters the heart through the left atrium, not the right atrium. Ventricles indeed have thicker muscular walls compared to the atria, enabling them to pump blood with greater force, especially to the body and lungs.


Which of the following is true about the gastric glands present in human stomach?
ANSWER: (c) Both are correct

Gastric glands are indeed present in the wall of the stomach, and they release hydrochloric acid and pepsin. Hydrochloric acid creates an acidic environment necessary for the activation of pepsinogen into pepsin, which is crucial for protein digestion.


Which of the following is/are true with respect to Amoeba?
ANSWER: (d) Both B and C.

Amoebas belong to a group of organisms called protozoans, and they move and feed by extending and retracting parts of their cell body, known as pseudopodia, which means "false feet." These pseudopodia allow amoebas to engulf and trap food particles and also aid in their locomotion. What's truly remarkable is that amoebas can alter the shape, size, and number of pseudopodia rapidly in response to environmental cues, enabling them to navigate through their surroundings and capture prey effectively. This adaptability and flexibility in shape-shifting make amoebas one of the most versatile and fascinating microscopic organisms in the natural world.


Photosynthesis is the process by which autotrophs take in carbon dioxide and water, and convert them into carbohydrates in the presence of sunlight and ______.
ANSWER: (b) Chlorophyll

Photosynthesis is the process by which autotrophs take in carbon dioxide and water and convert them into carbohydrates in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll. Chlorophyll is a green pigment found in chloroplasts within plant cells, responsible for capturing light energy and initiating the photosynthetic reactions.


In plants, the carbohydrates which are not used immediately are stored in the form of starch, which serves as the internal energy reserve to be used as and when required by the plant. A somewhat similar situation is seen in humans where some of the energy derived from the food is stored in the body. This is in the form of _____.
ANSWER: (c) Glycogen

In humans, the energy derived from food is stored in the body in the form of glycogen. Glycogen serves as a readily available energy reserve, stored primarily in the liver and muscles. When the body needs energy, glycogen is broken down into glucose to fuel various cellular processes and activities. This process ensures a constant energy supply, especially during periods of fasting or physical exertion.


Which of the following statements is/are correct?
ANSWER: (d) All of the above

These statements correctly depict the diversity of heart structures among vertebrates. In most vertebrates, including humans, blood undergoes two circuits through the heart during each cycle. Amphibians and many reptiles have three-chambered hearts, while fishes typically have two chambers. Understanding these differences aids in comprehending the adaptations of different species to their environments.


Arteries are the vessels which carry blood away from the heart to various organs of the body. Which of the following is/are true about their functioning?
ANSWER: (d) Both A and C.

Arteries play a crucial role in systemic circulation by carrying oxygen-rich blood away from the heart to various tissues and organs. Their thick, elastic walls withstand the pressure generated by the heart's contractions. Moreover, arteries branch into smaller vessels called capillaries upon reaching organs, facilitating nutrient and gas exchange at the cellular level.


The site where complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins and fats takes place is called _____.
ANSWER: (d) Small Intestine

The small intestine is the site where complete digestion of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats occurs. Enzymes from the pancreas and the small intestine itself break down these macronutrients into their absorbable forms, allowing for efficient nutrient absorption.


The longest part of the alimentary canal is the _____.
ANSWER: (a) Small Intestine

The small intestine is the longest part of the alimentary canal. Its length allows for thorough digestion and absorption of nutrients from food. The small intestine is where the majority of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occur.


Transpiration is mainly effective during _______?
ANSWER: (c) Just after sunset

Transpiration, the loss of water vapor from plant leaves, is most effective just after sunset. During the day, transpiration rates are higher due to increased sunlight and temperature, but they typically decrease in the evening as temperatures cool. However, just after sunset, environmental conditions often remain conducive to transpiration, allowing plants to continue water loss through the night.


What is the most basic criteria used to decide whether something is alive?
ANSWER: (d) Life processes

The most basic criteria to determine if something is alive are summarized by "MRS GREN": Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, and Nutrition. These characteristics encompass the fundamental behaviors and processes exhibited by living organisms.


Which of the following moves/transports water and mineral from the soil to other parts of the plants?
ANSWER: (b) Xylem

The xylem is responsible for transporting water and minerals absorbed by plant roots from the soil to other parts of the plant, including the stems, leaves, and flowers. This process, known as transpiration, is vital for maintaining plant hydration, facilitating photosynthesis, and supporting overall growth and development.


The food which is going to enter small intestine from the stomach is acidic in nature and has to be alkaline for the pancreatic enzymes to act. Which is the organ that accomplishes?
ANSWER: (a) Liver

The liver produces bile, which is stored in the gallbladder and released into the small intestine to neutralize the acidic chyme from the stomach. This alkaline environment created by bile allows pancreatic enzymes to efficiently digest nutrients in the small intestine.


Which of the following is true about the digestion process of the Paramecium?
ANSWER: (d) Both A and B.

Paramecium, being a unicellular organism, undergoes digestion through a process called phagocytosis. During phagocytosis, the Paramecium extends its oral groove and engulfs food particles, such as bacteria or organic debris, into a food vacuole. Once inside the food vacuole, enzymes are secreted to break down the engulfed material into simpler nutrients that can be absorbed by the Paramecium for energy and growth. After digestion is complete, any undigested material or waste is expelled from the cell through a structure called the anal pore.


Organisms using simple food material acquired from inorganic sources in the form of carbon dioxide and water are called _____.
ANSWER: (a) Autotrophs

Organisms that use simple food materials acquired from inorganic sources like carbon dioxide and water are called autotrophs. Autotrophs produce their own organic compounds, such as sugars and carbohydrates, through processes like photosynthesis, utilizing energy from sunlight or certain chemicals. Plants are prime examples of autotrophs.


Which of the following is/are true about blood pressure in the human body?
ANSWER: (d) Both A and C.

Arteries experience higher blood pressure due to the force exerted by the heart during systole. Diastolic pressure refers to the pressure exerted when the heart is at rest, which is lower than systolic pressure. The normal blood pressure for adults is around 120/80 mmHg, indicating the pressure during systole and diastole, respectively.


Respiration in the absence of air is called _____.
ANSWER: (b) Anaerobic respiration

Respiration that occurs in the absence of oxygen is called anaerobic respiration. During anaerobic respiration, glucose is broken down into energy without the use of oxygen, resulting in the production of lactic acid or ethanol, depending on the organism.


Which of the following processes are essential for maintaining life?
ANSWER: (d) All of the above

The essential processes for maintaining life include nutrition, respiration, and transportation. So, the correct option is (d) All of the above. These processes ensure organisms obtain energy, exchange gases, and distribute nutrients throughout their bodies, vital for survival.


Which of the following is/are digestive enzymes?
ANSWER: (d) All of the above

All of the listed options—trypsin, lipase, and pepsin—are digestive enzymes. Trypsin digests proteins, lipase digests fats, and pepsin breaks down proteins in the stomach.


Blood Pressure in humans is measured using the
ANSWER: (a) Sphygmomanometer

Blood pressure, a crucial indicator of cardiovascular health, is measured using a sphygmomanometer. This device detects the pressure exerted by circulating blood on the walls of arteries. Proper blood pressure measurement helps in diagnosing hypertension, hypotension, and other cardiovascular conditions.


Which of the following phenomena is responsible for the movement of water in plants?
ANSWER: (d) Both B and C

The movement of water in plants primarily occurs due to concentration gradients and transpiration. Water moves from regions of higher concentration to lower concentration, facilitated by transpiration, the process of water loss from plant leaves. This combined effect helps maintain water balance within the plant and supports various physiological processes.


Haemoglobin is used to transport _____ in humans.
ANSWER: (a) Oxygen

Haemoglobin, found in red blood cells, which has a very high affinity for oxygen. This pigment is present in the red blood corpuscles. Carbon dioxide is more soluble in water than oxygen is and hence is mostly transported in the dissolved form in our blood.


Which of the following is/are true about ‘Villi’?
ANSWER: (d) All of the above

Villi are finger-like projections present in the walls of the small intestine. They contain blood vessels (capillaries) and lacteals, which absorb nutrients and transport them to the body's cells. Villi greatly increase the surface area available for nutrient absorption.


The opening and closing of the stomatal pores is a function of the _____.
ANSWER: (a) Guard cells

The opening and closing of stomatal pores is primarily controlled by the turgor pressure within the guard cells. When guard cells gain water and become turgid, they swell and bend, causing the stomatal pore to open. Conversely, when they lose water and become flaccid, the pore closes. This process is regulated by various factors including light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, humidity, and plant hormones such as abscisic acid (ABA). It helps plants balance the uptake of carbon dioxide for photosynthesis with the loss of water through transpiration, optimizing their growth and survival in changing environmental conditions.


The exchange of gases takes place in the leaves through these pores for the purpose of photosynthesis. These pores are called _____.
ANSWER: (b) Stomata

The pores responsible for the exchange of gases in leaves, crucial for photosynthesis, are called "stomata." These tiny openings allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf for photosynthesis and enable oxygen to exit as a byproduct of the process. Stomata also regulate water vapor loss from the leaf through transpiration, helping to maintain plant hydration and regulate temperature. Each stoma is surrounded by specialized cells, including guard cells, which control its opening and closing to optimize gas exchange and water conservation.


Within the lungs, the air-passage divides into smaller and smaller tubes which finally terminate in balloon-like structures. These are called _____.
ANSWER: (c) Alveoli

Alveoli are small balloon-like structures at the end of the respiratory tree in the lungs. These air sacs are where gas exchange occurs, with oxygen entering the bloodstream and carbon dioxide leaving it.


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